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Fra Diavolo
Fra Diavolo (lit. Brother Devil; 7 April 1771–11 November 1806), is the popular name given to Michele Pezza, a famous Neapolitan guerrilla leader who resisted the French occupation of Naples, proving an “inspirational practitioner of popular insurrection”.〔Piero Pieri, ''Storia militare del Risorgimento'' (Torino: Einaudi, 1962), p. 18. The short accounts in Pieri and Tommaso Argiolas' ''Storia dell’Esercito Borbonico'' (Napoli: ESI, 1970), provide succinct treatments of the Neapolitan insurrection of 1799; Milton Finley's ''The Most Monstrous of Wars: The Neapolitan Guerrilla War in Southern Italy, 1806–1811'' (Columbia, S.C.: University of South Carolina, 1994), provides an account of the second Neapolitan insurgency against the French.〕 Pezza figures prominently in folk lore and fiction. He appears in several works of Alexandre Dumas, including ''The Last Cavalier: Being the Adventures of Count Sainte-hermine in the Age of Napoleon'', not published until 2007〔Alexandre Dumas, ''The Last Cavalier: Being the Adventures of Count Sainte-hermine in the Age of Napoleon '' (New York: Pegasus, 2007)〕 and in Washington Irving's short story "The Inn at Terracina".〔Washington Irving, ''Tales of a Traveler'', Vol. III, pp. 8–33〕
==Biography==
The nickname "Fra Diavolo" came about due to an old Itrano custom: Until early in the twentieth century Itrani boys and girls who had recently recovered from serious illnesses were dressed as monks on the second Sunday after Easter, for a procession in honor of St. Francis of Paola, the patron of sick children. On one of these solemn occasions little Michele, who was apparently a handful to begin with, proved so naughty that someone called him “Fra Diavolo” which stuck.〔Michele M. Colaguori, ''Itri e S. Francesco di Paola'' (Gaeta: Poligrafico di Gaeta, 1973), p. 9.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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